No Evidence for Neotectonic Activity Along the Inferred Northern End of the Karakorum Fault
Robinson, A C - Department of Geosciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, United States
Cowgill, E - Department of Geology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
The active right-slip Karakorum Fault bounds the western margin of the Tibetan Plateau and is a first-order structure within the Cenozoic Indo-Asian collision zone. To date, all maps link this structure at its northern end with active right-slip faults in the eastern Pamir (e.g. the East Pamir fault of Strecker et al., 1996). While much of the trace of the northern Karakorum fault crosses glaciated topography, obscuring evidence of its potential activity, several generations of Quaternary deposits are preserved along the inferred trace of the fault at the southern end of the Tashkorgan valley in the Eastern Pamir. Our analyses of ASTER and CORONA satellite images yield several observations that argue against recent activity along the inferred northern end of the Karakorum fault: 1) Deeply incised northeast-trending valleys show no evidence of lateral offset within the mountains bounding the western side of the valley, where the fault is interpreted to lie; 2) Both glacial deposits at the head of these valleys, interpreted to date from the last glacial maximum, and older glacial deposits preserved in the Tashkorgan valley are undisturbed; 3) An older, topographically high Quaternary (?) surface which predates both generations of glacial deposits is cut by numerous small northwest trending scarps, but streams which flow across these scarps are not laterally displaced. We interpret the scarps to result from slumping of the deposits eastwards into the valley. While these observations are only applicable to a small portion of the slip history of the Karakorum fault they suggest the possibility that active slip along the Karakorum fault to the southeast may not continue into the eastern Pamir to the northwest. Alternatively, this displacement may transfer into strike-slip and thrust deformation within the Karakorum Range (e.g. Zanchi et al., 1996) similar to the transfer of deformation from the left-lateral Altyn Tagh fault to thrust faults of the Nan Shan thrust belt. Another possibility is that the fault may tip out south of the Tashkorgan valley as recently suggested for the eastern end of the Kunlun fault (Kirby et al., 2007).