Do Faults Strengthen or Weaken between Earthquakes?
Turcotte, D L - University of California, Department of Geology, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616 United States
Rundle, J B - University of California, Center for Computational Science and
Engineering, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616 United States
Shcherbakov, R - University of California, Department of Geology, One Shields
Ave., Davis, CA 95616 United States
Abaimov, S G - University of California, Center for Computational Science and
Engineering, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616 United States
An important question is whether faults strengthen (heal) or weaken (become damaged) between earthquakes. We argue that if faults heal earthquakes will be concentrated on the strongest faults. Since this is not observed we argue that faults weaken. In order to quantify this discussion we consider a "parallel" slider-block model. Many slider-block models have been considered as analogs for the stick-slip behavior of faults. A classic problem was a pair of slider- blocks in series connected to each other by a connector spring and to a loader plate by two loader springs. The constant velocity loader plate pulls the slider blocks over a surface. This problem was shown to exhibit classic chaotic behavior as long as the symmetry was broken. In this paper we consider the analogous parallel problem. We consider 6 plates. Plate 6 moves at a constant velocity V relative to the fixed plate 1. Plate 1 is connected to plate 2 by a leaf spring and plate 2 slides along plate 3. Plate 3 is connected to plate 4 by a leaf spring and plate 4 slides over plate 5. Finally plate 5 is connected to plate 6 by a leaf spring. With velocity weakening friction, stick-slip behavior will be observed between plates 2 and 3 or between 4 and 5. If the static coefficient of friction between plates 2 and 3 is smaller, slip is restricted to the slip plane between plates 2 and 3. No slip will occur on the slip plane between plates 4 and 5. In order for slip to occur on both slip planes the static coefficient of friction must decrease with time, the friction must have memory. We show that this behavior is obtained with a damage based coefficient of friction. The applicability of rate and state friction laws will also be discussed.