HOWARD J. SPERO
Department of Geology
University of California;
Davis, CA 95616
(530) 752-3307 (Ofc) ; (530) 752-0951 (Fax)
spero@geology.ucdavis.edu
EDUCATION:
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:
| 2001 - present | Associate Editor for Paleoceanography |
| 2000 - present | Member Graduate Group in Hydrologic Sciences, University of California Davis. |
| 1999 - present | Professor, Department of Geology, University of California Davis. |
| 1996 - present | Associate Editor for Marine Micropaleontology. |
| 1998 - 2002 | Associate Editor for Marine Geology. |
| 1994 - 1999 | Associate Professor, Department of Geology, University California Davis. |
| 1991 - 1996 | Member of the Graduate Group in Ecology, University California Davis. |
| 1990 - 1994 | Assistant Professor, Department of Geology, University California Davis. |
| 1990 | Lecturer, Dept. Geological Sciences, University California Santa Barbara. |
| 1989 -1990 | Asst. Research Biogeochemist, Marine Science Institute, University California Santa Barbara. |
| 1986 -1989 | Post-doctoral Research Associate, Dept. Geological Sciences, Univ. South Carolina. |
| 1979 -1981 | Assistant Research Scientist, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, New York. |
AWARDS
2001-2002 International Fellow Hanse Institute for
Advanced Study, Delmenhorst Germany
2003 Fellow of the
Geological Society of America
PUBLICATIONS
(84) Pakulski, J. D., A. Baldwin, A. Dean, S. Durkin, D. Karentz, C. A. Kelley, K. Scott, H. J. Spero, S. Wilhelm, R. Amin and W. H. Jeffrey. Responses of heterotrophic bacteria to solar irradiance in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Aquat. Microbial Ecol (in press).
(83) Zeebe, R. E., J. Bijma, B. Honisch, A. Sanyal, H. J. Spero and D. Wolf-Gladrow. Vital effects and beyond: A modeling perspective on developing paleoceanographic proxy relationships in foraminifera. In: R. James, W.E.N Austin, L. Clarke and R.E.M. Rickaby (eds.), Biogeochemical Controls on Palaeoceanographic Proxies. The Geological Society, London. Special Publications. (in press).
(82) Eerkens, J. W., J. S. Rosenthal, H. J. Spero, R. Shiraki, and G. S. Herbert. 2006. Shell bead sourcing: A comparison of two techniques on Olivella biplicata shells and beads from Western North America. In: Michael D. Glascock, Robert J. Speakman, and Rachel S. Popelka-Filcoff (eds.), Archaeological Chemistry: Analytical Techniques and Archaeological Interpretation, American Chemical Society.
(81) Schmidt, M.W., M. J. Vautravers and H. J. Spero. 2006. Rapid North Atlantic salinity oscillations across Dansgaard-Oeschger transitions. Nature 443:561-564; doi:10.1038/nature05121.
(80) Martínez, I, H. J. Spero and J. C. Berrio. 2006. Late Quaternary climates of tropical America and adjacent seas. Palaeogeogr, Palaeoclimtol. Palaeoecol. 234:1-2.
(79) Lea, D. W., D. K. Pak, C. L. Belanger, H. J. Spero, M. A. Hall and N. J. Shackleton. 2006. Paleoclimate history of Galapagos surface waters over the last 135,000 years. Quat. Sci. Rev. 25:1152-1167.
(78) Sussman, S, L. Lindsay and H.J. Spero. 2006. Paleoclimates and environmental change in the Anza-Borrego desert region, p.339-352. In: G. T. Jefferson and L. Lindsay (eds.), Fossil Treasures of the Anza Borrego Desert , Sunbelt Publications, San Diego.
(77) Schmidt, M.W., M. J. Vautravers and H. J. Spero. 2006. Western Caribbean sea surface temperatures during the Late Quaternary. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.7(2):doi:10.1029/2005GC000957.
(76) Bowen, G. J., D. A. Winter, H. J. Spero, R. Zierenberg and J. Ehleringer. 2005. Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios of bottled waters of the world. Rapid Comm. Mass Spectrom. 19:3443-3450.
(75) von Langen, P. J., D. K. Pak, H. J. Spero and D. W. Lea. 2005. Effects of temperature on Mg/Ca in neogloboquadrinid shells determined by live culturing. Geochem. Geophys. Geosys. 16 (10):doi:10.1029/2005GC000989.
(74) Eerkens, J W, Herbert, G.S., J. Rosenthal, and H.J. Spero. 2005. Provenance analysis of Olivella biplicata shell beads from the California and Oregon coast using oxygen and carbon stable isotopes. J. Archeological Sci., 32(10):1501-1514.
(73) Waelbroeck, C, S. Mulitza, H.J. Spero, T. Dokken and T. Kiefer. 2005. A global compilation of late Holocene planktonic d18O: relationship between surface water and d18O. Quat. Sci. Rev. 24:853-868.
(72) Russell, A. D., B. Hünisch, H.J. Spero and D.W. Lea. 2004. Effect of seawater carbonate ion concentration and temperature on shell U, Mg, and Sr in cultured planktonic foraminifera. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 68(21):4347-4361.
(71) Fietzke, J, A. Eisenhauer, N. Gussone, B. Bock, V. Liebetrau, Th.F. Nägler, H.J. Spero, J. Bijma and C. Dullo. 2004. Direct measurement of 44Ca/40Ca by MC-ICP-MS using the cool-plasma-technique. Chemical Geology 206:11-20.
(70) Schmidt, M.W., Spero, H.J. and D.W. Lea. 2004. Role of Caribbean salinity variation on North Atlantic thermohaline circulation. Nature 428:160-163. Data available at http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/paleo/pubs/schmidt2004/schmidt2004.html
(69) Hill, T.M., J.P. Kennett and H.J. Spero. 2004. High-resolution records of methane hydrate dissociation: ODP Site 893, Santa Barbara Basin. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 223:127-140.
(68) Lea, D.W., D.K. Pak, and H.J. Spero. 2003. Sea surface temperatures in the western equatorial Pacific during marine isotope stage 11. In: A. Droxler, R.Z. Poore and L.H. Burckle (eds.): Earth's Climate and Orbital Eccentricity: The Marine Isotope Stage 11 Question p.147-156. American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph 137.
(67) Hönisch, B., B. Bijma, A. D. Russell, H. J. Spero, and A. Eisenhauer. 2003. The influence of symbiont photosynthesis on the boron isotopic composition of foraminifera shells. Mar. Micropaleontol. 49:87-96. (also published in J. Geobiology).
(66) Hill, T.M., J.P. Kennett and H.J. Spero. 2003. Foraminifera as indicators of methane rich environments: A study of modern methane seeps in Santa Barbara Channel, California. Mar. Micropaleontol. 49:123-138. (also published in J. Geobiology).
(65) Gussone, N, A. Eisenhauer, A. Heuser, M. Dietzel, B. Bock, F. Böhm, H. Spero, D.W. Lea, J. Bijma, R. Zeebe and Th. F. Nägler. 2003. Model for kinetic effects on calcium isotope fractionation (d44Ca) in inorganic aragonite and cultured planktonic foraminifera. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67(7):1375-1382.
(64) Spero, H.J., K.M. Mielke, E.M. Kalve, D.W. Lea and D.K. Pak. 2003. Multispecies approach to reconstructing eastern equatorial Pacific thermocline hydrography during the past 360 ky. Paleoceanography 18(1):10.1029/2002PA000814.
(63) Juranek, L. W., A. D. Russell and H. J. Spero. 2003. Seasonal oxygen and carbon isotope variability in Euthecosomatus pteropods from the Sargasso Sea. Deep Sea Res. I 50:231-245.
(62) Zachos, J.C., M.A. Arthur, T.J. Bralower and H.J. Spero. 2002. Brief communication: Tropical SST during greenhouse intervals. Nature 419:897-898.
(61) 2002 Bemis, B. E., H. J. Spero and R. C. Thunell. Oxygen isotopic temperatures in the Southern California Bight using species-specific paleotemperature equations. Mar. Micropaleontol. 46:405-430.
(60) 2002 Spero, H. J. and D.W. Lea. The cause of carbon isotope minimum events on glacial terminations. Science 296:522-525.
(59) 2002 Dekens, P.S., D.W. Lea, D.K. Pak and H.J. Spero. Core top calibration of Mg/Ca in tropical foraminifera: Refining paleo-temperature estimation. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 3(1):10.1029/2001GC000200. (available at http://www.g-cubed.org).
(58) 2002 Lea, D.W., D.K. Pak, P.A. Martin and H.J. Spero. Reconstructing a 350 kyr history of ice volume using planktonic Mg/Ca and oxygen isotope records from a Cocos Ridge core. Quat. Sci. Rev. 283-293.
(57) 2001 Sanyal, A., J. Bijma, H.J. Spero and D. W. Lea. Empirical relationship between pH and the boron isotopic composition of Globigerinoides sacculifer: Implications for the boron isotope paleo-pH proxy. Paleoceanography 16(5):515-519.
(56) 2000 Lea. D. W., D. K. Pak and H. J. Spero. Climate impact of late Quaternary equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature variations. Science 289:1719-1724.
(55) 2000 Schiffman, P, H. J. Spero, R. J. Southard and D. A. Swanson. Controls on palagonitization versus pedogenic weathering of basaltic tephra: Evidence from the consolidation and geochemistry of the Keanakako'i ash member, Kilauea Volcano. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 1:2000GC000068. (Available at http://www.g-cubed.org).
(54) 2000 Bemis, B.E., H.J. Spero, D.W. Lea and J. Bijma. Temperature influence on the carbon isotopic composition of Orbulina universa and Globigerina bulloides (planktonic foraminifera). Mar. Micropaleontol. 38(3-4):213-228.
(53) 2000 Russell, A. D. and H. J. Spero. Field examination of the oceanic carbonate ion effect on planktonic foraminiferal stable isotopes. Paleoceanography, 16(1):43-52.
(52) 1999 Lea, D. W., T. A. Mashiotta and H. J. Spero. Controls on magnesium and strontium uptake in planktonic foraminifera determined by live culturing. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 63(16):2369-2379.
(51) 1999 Spero, H.J., J. Bijma, D.W. Lea and A.D. Russell. Deconvolving glacial ocean carbonate chemistry from the planktonic foraminifera carbon isotope records. In F. Abrantes and A. Mix (eds.), Reconstructing Ocean History: A Window into the Future. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Pub., N.Y. ,p. 329-342.
(50) 1999 Mashiotta, T. A., D. W. Lea and H. J. Spero. Glacial-interglacial changes in Subantarctic sea surface temperature and d18O using foraminiferal Mg . Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 170(4):417-432.
(49) 1999 Uhle, M. E., S. A. Macko, H. J. Spero, D. W. Lea, W. F. Ruddiman, and M. H. Engel . The fate of nitrogen in the Orbulina universa foraminiferasymbiont system determined by nitrogen isotope analyses of shell-bound organic matter. Limnol. Oceanogr. 44(8):1968-1977.
(48) 1999 Houston, R. M., B. T. Huber and H. J. Spero. Photosymbiosis and ontogenetic d18O and d13C trends in some Maastrichtian foraminifera: A discussion of intraspecific variability and methodology. Mar. Micropaleontol. 36(4):169-188.
(47) 1999 Bijma, J., H.J. Spero, D. W. Lea. Reassessing foraminiferal stable isotope geochemistry: Impact of the oceanic carbonate system. In: G. Fischer and G. Wefer (eds.) Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography - Examples from the South Atlantic, pp.489-512, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg.
(46) 1999 Lea, D. W., J. Bijma, H. J. Spero, and D. Archer. Implications of a carbonate ion effect on shell carbon and oxygen isotopes for glacial ocean conditions. In: G. Fischer and G. Wefer (eds.) Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography - Examples from the South Atlantic, pp.513-522, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg.
(45) 1998 Spero, H. J. Life history and stable isotope geochemistry of planktonic foraminifera. In: Norris, R. D. and Corfield, R. M. (eds)., Isotope Paleobiology and Paleoecology, Paleontological Society Papers, 4:7-36.
(44) 1998 Kirby, M.X., T. M. Soniat and H. J. Spero. Stable isotope sclerochronology of Pleistocene and Recent oyster shells (Crassostrea virginica). Palaios 13(6):560-569.
(43) 1998 Wilson-Fenelli, A., G.T. Chandler and H.J. Spero. Reliability of benthic foraminiferal calcite as proxy for paleoceanographic conditions: Results from microcosm culturing studies. J. Foram. Res.28:312-320.
(42) 1998 Winn, R.D. Jr, H.H. Roberts, B. Kohl, R.H. Fillon, J.A. Crux, A.H. Bouma and H.J. Spero. Upper Quaternary strata of the upper continental slope, northeast Gulf of Mexico: sequence stratigraphic model for a terrigenous shelf edge. J. Sed. Res. 68(4):579-595.
(41) 1998 Rink, S., M. Kühl, J. Bijma and H. J. Spero. Microsensor studies of photosynthesis and respiration in the symbiotic foraminifer Orbulina universa. Mar. Biol. 131:583-595.
(40) 1998 Bemis, B. E., H. J. Spero, J. Bijma and D. W. Lea. Reevaluation of the oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera: Experimental results and revised paleotemperature equations. Paleoceanography 13(2): 150-160.
(39) 1998 Buening, N, S.J. Carlson, H.J. Spero and D.E. Lee. Evidence for the early Oligocene formation of a proto-Subtropical Convergence from oxygen isotope records of New Zealand Paleogene brachiopods. Palaeogeogr, Palaeoclimtol. Palaeoecol. 138(1-4): 43-68.
(38) 1997 Spero, H. J., J. Bijma, D. W. Lea and B.E. Bemis. Effect of seawater carbonate concentration on planktonic foraminiferal carbon and oxygen isotopes. Nature390:497-500.
(37) 1997 Mashiotta, T, D.W. Lea and H.J. Spero. Experimental determination of Cd uptake in shells of the planktonic foraminifera Orbulina universa and Globigerina bulloides: Implications for surface water paleoreconstructions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61(19):4053-4065 .
(36) 1997 Uhle, M.E., S.A. Macko, H.J. Spero, M.H. Engel and D.W. Lea. Sources of carbon and nitrogen in modern planktonic foraminifera: The role of algal symbionts as determined by bulk and compound specific stable isotopic analyses. Org. Geochem. 27(3-4):103-113.
(35) 1996 Chandler, G. T, D.F. Williams, H.J. Spero and G. Xiaodong. Sediment microhabitats and stable isotope disequilibria phenomenon in microcosm cultured benthic foraminiferal calcite. Limnol. Oceanogr. 41(4):680-688.
(34) 1996 Buening, N and H.J. Spero. Oxygen- and carbon-isotope analyses of the articulate brachiopod Laqueus californianus: A recorder of environmental changes in the subeuphotic zone. Mar. Biol. 127:105-114.
(33) 1996 Sanyal, A., H.G. Hemming, W. S. Broecker, D.W. Lea and H.J. Spero. Oceanic pH control on the boron isotopic composition of foraminifera: Evidence from culture experiments. Paleoceanography 11(5):513-517.
(32) 1996 Spero, H. J and D.W. Lea. Experimental determination of intraspecific stable isotope variability in Globigerina bulloides: Implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions. Mar. Micropaleontol., 28:231-246.
(31) 1996 Billups, K. and H.J. Spero. Reconstructing paleotemperatures and the carbon isotope geochemistry of the equatorial Atlantic during the last 150,000 years: Results from individual foraminifera. Paleoceanography, 11(2):217-238.
(30) 1996 Uhle, M.E., S.A. Macko, H.J. Spero and M.H. Engel. Nutrient cycling in modern planktonic foraminifera as determined by bulk and compound specific stable isotopic analyses of organisms and their diets. In: J. O. Grimalt and C Dorronsoro (eds.), Organic Geochemistry: Developments and Applications to Energy, Climate, Environment and Human History, A.I.G.O.A. Publ., p. 34-36.
(29) 1995 D. Karentz and H. J. Spero. Response of a natural Phaeocystis population to ambient fluctuations of UVB radiation caused by Antarctic ozone depletion. J. Plankton Res. 17(9):1771-1789.
(28) 1995 Billups, K. and H.J. Spero. Relationship between test size, thickness and stable isotopes in individual planktonic foraminifera from two equatorial Atlantic cores. J. Foram. Res., 25:24-38.
(27) 1995 Lea, D.W., P.A. Martin, D.A. Chan and H.J. Spero. Calcium uptake and calcification rate in the planktonic foraminifer Orbulina universa. J. Foram. Res., 25:14-23.
(26) 1994 Lea, D.W. and H. J. Spero. Assessing the reliability of paleochemical tracers: Barium uptake in the shells of planktonic foraminifera. Paleoceanography 9(3):445-452.
(25) 1993 Spero, H. J. and D. W. Lea. Intraspecific stable isotope variability in the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinoides sacculifer: Results from laboratory experiments. Mar. Micropaleontol. 22:221-234.
(24) 1993 Spero, H. J., D. Andreasen and B. Sorgeloos. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of different strains of Artemia sp. Int. J. Salt Lake Res., 2(2):133-139.
(23) 1993 Fitt, W.K., H.J. Spero, J. Halas, M.W. White and J.W. Porter. Recovery of the coral Montastrea annularis in the Florida Keys after the 1987 Caribbean "bleaching event". Coral Reefs 12:57-64.
(22) 1992 Spero, H.J. Do planktic foraminifera accurately record changes in the carbon isotopic composition of seawater CO2? Mar. Micropaleontol. 19:275-285.
(21) 1992 Lea, D.W. and H.J. Spero. Experimental verification of barium uptake in individual shells of the planktonic foraminifera Orbulina universa. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56:2673-2680.
(20) 1991 Spero, H.J., I. Lerche and D.F. Williams. Opening the carbon isotope "vital effect" black box, 2, Quantitative model for interpreting foraminiferal carbon isotope data. Paleoceanography 6:639-655.
(19) 1991 Spero, H.J., and D.L. Angel. Planktonic sarcodines: Microhabitat for oceanic dinoflagellates. J. Phycol. 27:187-195.
(18) 1990 Spero, H.J. and D.F. Williams. Evidence for low salinity surface waters in the Gulf of Mexico over the last 16,000 years. Paleoceanography 5:963-975.
(17) 1990 Williams, D.F., I. Lerche, H.J. Spero, D.M. Trainor, W.F. Falls, T. Guilderson and K. Kirschenmann. 1989. Modeling of hydrocarbon-related carbon isotopic anomalies in subsurface exploration wells of the northern Gulf of Mexico, p. 337-346. In: D. Schumacher and B.F. Perkins (eds.), Coast Oils and Gases. Proceed. 9th Ann. Res. Conf. SEPM.
(16) 1989 Spero, H.J. and D.F. Williams. Opening the carbon isotope 'vital effect' black box, I: Seasonal temperatures in the euphotic zone. Paleoceanography 4:593-601.
(15) 1989 Porter, J.T., W.K. Fitt, H.J. Spero, C.S. Rogers and M.W. White. 1989. Bleaching in reef corals: Physiological and stable isotopic responses. Proceed. Nat. Acad. Sci. 86:9342-9346.
(14) 1988 Williams, D.F., R. Ehrlich, H.J. Spero, N. Healy-Williams and A.C. Gary. Isotopic differences between conspecific foraminiferal morphotypes and resolution of paleoceanographic events. Paleoceanogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. 64:153-162.
(13) 1988 Spero, H.J. and D.F. Williams. Extracting environmental information from planktonic foraminiferal d13C data. Nature 335:717-719.
(12) 1988 Spero, H.J. An ultrastructural examination of chamber morphogenesis and biomineralization in the planktonic foraminifera, Orbulina universa. Mar. Biol. 99:9-20.
(11) 1988 Jones, D.S., D.F. Williams and H.J. Spero. More light on symbioses in fossil mollusks: The case of Mercenaria "tridacnoides." Paleoceanogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. 64:141-152.
(10) 1987 Spero, H.J. Symbiosis in the planktonic foraminifer, Orbulina universa, and the isolation of its symbiotic dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium béii sp. nov. J. Phycol. 23:307-317.
(9) 1987 Spero, H.J. and M.J. Deniro. The influence of symbiont photosynthesis on the d18O and d13C values of planktonic foraminiferal shell calcite. Symbiosis 4:213-228.
(8) 1987 Kokke, W.C.M.C. and H.J. Spero. Sterol pattern determination as a probe for new species of zooxanthellae in marine invertebrates. Application to the dinoflagellate symbiont of the foraminifer Orbulina universa. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 15:475-478.
(7) 1985 Spero, H.J. Chemosensory capabilities in the phagotrophic dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium fungiforme. J. Phycol. 21:181-184.
(6) 1985 Spero, H.J. and S.L. Parker. Photosynthesis in the symbiotic planktonic foraminifer, Orbulina universa, and its potential contribution to oceanic primary productivity. J. Foram. Res. 15:273-281.
(5) 1982 Spero, H.J. Phagotrophy in Gymnodinium fungiforme: The peduncle as an organelle of ingestion. J. Phycol. 18:356-360.
(4) 1982 Bé, A.W.H., H.J. Spero and O.R. Anderson. The effects of symbiont elimination and reinfection on the life processes of the planktonic foraminifer, Globigerinoides sacculifer. Mar. Biol. 70:73-86.
(3) 1981 Spero, H.J. and M. Morée. Phagotrophic feeding and its importance to the life cycle of the holozoic dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium fungiforme. J. Phycol. 17:43-51.
(2) 1981 Bé, A.W.H. and H.J. Spero. Shell regeneration and biological recovery of planktonic foraminifera after physical injury induced in laboratory culture. Micropaleontology 27:305-316.
(1) 1979 Spero, H.J., D. Hagan and A. Vastano. An SEM examination of Sagitta tenuis Conant (Chaetognatha), utilizing a special sedation and handling procedure. Trans. Amer. Micros. Soc. 98:139-141.