Images for Chapter 7: Vertebrate Origins

What Chordates Are

• Tunicate
• tunicate larva. Figure 7.1.
• Figure 7.3

Cephalochordates

• Branchiostoma, the lancelet or amphioxus, is a typical cephalochordate.
• Branchiostoma: Figure 7.2.

Vertebrates

The Earliest Fishes

• Hagfish

Lampreys

• Lamprey feeding on a trout, from UC Berkeley
• A lamprey mouth, from UC Berkeley

Lower Cambrian fishes!

• Myllokunmingia. Science News 1999. Art by John Sibbick.

Ordovician fishes:

• Arandaspid, Sacabambaspis photo. Tree of Life site.
• Arandaspid, Sacabambaspis drawing. Tree of Life site.
• Astraspis drawing. Figure 7.4.

Heterostracans

• Pteraspidomorphs. From Tree of Life site.
• Doryaspis fossil
• Heterostracans. From Tree of Life site.
• Anglaspis. Figure 7.6.
• Pteraspis. Figure 7.7.
• Amphiaspid gill. Figure 7.8.

Osteostracans

• Hemicyclaspis. Figure 7.9.
• Osteostracans
• Zenaspis fossil.
• Galeaspids
• Galeaspid inhalant opening

Forktails

• Photo of fossil.
• Forktail drawing. Figure 7.10.

The Evolution of Jaws

• A fish gill: Figure 7.11a
• A fish gill: Color version of Figure 7.11b
• How gills may have worked at first. Figure 7.12.
• Gnathostome groups. Figure 7.13.

Acanthodians

Placoderms

• Dunkleosteus from the American Museum of Natural History.
• The gape of a Dunkleosteus. Figure 7.15.
• The antiarch Bothriolepis Canadian Geological Survey.
• The antiarch Pterichthyoides. Figure 7.16
• The antiarch Remigolepis from Canowindra

Cartilaginous Fishes (Sharks and Rays)

• Tiger sand shark
• Tiger shark
• Great wite shark eyes a human

Bony Fishes

• The groups of bony fishes. Figure 7.18.

Actinopterygians (Rayfin Fishes)

• Leedsichthys, the largest fish. BBC.
• Moray eel
• Reef fish Percula
• Sea horse
• Coral grouper

Sarcopterygians (Lobefin Fishes)

• Lobe fins: these are in the coelacanth. Figure 7.19.
• The origin of sarcopterygians: the enigmatic fish Psarolepis, from the palaeos site.

NEAT STORY: The Fossil Fishes of Canowindra

• Remigolepis from Canowindra

  Canowindra page at the Australian Museum in Sydney

Coelacanths

• Coelacanth fins, living and fossil
• Sculpture of coelacanth
• Virtual coelacanths swimming in underwater cave
• Real coelacanth in swimming mode.
• The first living coelacanth found
• Account from 1939 of the discovery of living coelacanths: it's clear that the significance of the find was immediately recognized. From Natural History, 1939.
• Coelacanth catch sites
• This is an ex-coelacanth, caught off the Comoros . Science News.
• A 98-kg giant of a coelacanth, a pregnant female
• Coelacanth baby found inside the female above.

Lungfishes

• An extinct Reconstruction of Dipterus.

Osteolepiforms Eusthenopteron Canadian Geological Survey.

Page last updated November 11, 2004

Links checked August 24, 2004.

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